Shelf Life of Stored Agricultural Chemicals

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Anyone who has ever used pesticides probably has a partially filled container that they carry over from one year to the next.  The question then arises as to how long stored agricultural chemicals retain their effectiveness.  Unfortunately there is not a lot of solid information about shelf life of most materials. The links at the bottom of the page will take you to tables listing the shelf life of a few materials.

 However there are a some general principles that you might find useful in maintaining your agricultural chemical storage area:

 

  1. Water based materials are usually damaged by freezing.  Also, freezing may cause the container to burst. Freezing is usually not a problem in our climate but it can happen in the winter, the time of the year when one is least likely to be thinking about the pesticides.  Some materials will begain to separate at temperatures below 40o F
  2. High temperatures will decrease the shelf life of many materials.  Two examples are: Malathion WP, and Thiram WP. There is probably not much that can be done short of air conditioning to keep a storage area at the ideal temperature, however keeping susceptible materials away from walls may help.
  3. High humidity may degrade some of the wettable powders.  Keeping the containers tightly closed will help. (For safety reasons all pesticide containers should be kept tightly closed.)
  4. Plastic containers tend to get brittle with age and can start to leak after they are 3 or 4 years old or if dropping or rough handling has dented them.
  5. Labels can be damaged or fall off.  If a container loses its label and the contents cannot be positively identified the material becomes toxic waste, which can be expensive and difficult to get rid of.

 

If a material has been stored for more than 2 years or has been subjected to unfavorable conditions such as freezing, be sure to check it before you plan to use it if you are not familiar with it, as it may have become unusable..  Some of the things to look for are:

  1. Wettable powders are lumpy, or the powder will not mix with water.
  2. Dusts and granules are excessively lumpy. This will affect calibration and may also indicate that the material has lost effectiveness.
  3. Emulsified materials have settled out or become lumpy.
  4. Emulsifiable concentrates do not produce a milky emulsion when mixed with water, or some of the material has separated.
  5. Oil sprays; the solution has separated or has formed a sludge.

 

The links below will take you to tables listing the shelf life of some materials.
http://n-fl-bugs.ifas.ufl.edu/more/Guillebeau.htm 
http://ohioline.osu.edu/b745/b745_11.html    
http://entweb.clemson.edu/pesticid/saftyed/storage.htm#web%20sites 

http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/facts-slides-self/facts/gen-peapp-shelf-life.html